人牙髓干细胞诱导后人牙本质基质蛋白1基因转录活性的变化和意义

目的:观察人牙髓干细胞(human dental pulp stem cell,HDPSC)经矿化液诱导后牙本质基质蛋白1(dentin matrix protein1,DMP1)的表达、细胞生物学变化以及对人DMP1基因启动子转录活性的影响。方法:通过建立体外培养的HDPSC体外矿化诱导模型,运用RT-PCR、组织染色等方法检测矿化诱导后细胞DMP1 mRNA表达、细胞形态和矿化能力的变化以及对两个DMP1基因启动子重组报告基因载体pGL3-P-193~ 86和pGL3-P-505~ 86活性的影响。结果:HDPSC经矿化液诱导后,能够向成牙本质细胞方向分化,出现成牙本质细胞样细胞表型。与对照组相比较,随着诱导时间的延长,细胞内碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性增强,较早的出现了矿化结节,说明在诱导液作用后细胞矿化能力升高。诱导后的细胞出现了DMP1 mRNA表达水平增高,pGL3-P-193~ 86和pGL3-P-505~ 86活性均出现增强的趋势,尤其以pGL3-P-505~ 86活性增强更明显。结论:矿化液可诱导HDPSC向成牙本质细胞方向分化,诱导后的细胞矿化能力增强,DMP1表达和转录活性也随之增强,提示DMP1可能参与成牙本质细胞的分化过程。     

槟榔碱对血管内皮细胞增殖和分泌NO的影响

目的：观察去除槟榔碱干预后血管内皮细胞（EC）增殖和分泌一氧化氮（NO）的变化。方法：采用MTT法检测去除槟榔碱干预后的EC存活率，硝酸还原酶法检测EC分泌NO量。结果：30μg／ml～90μg／ml槟榔碱干预EC 24h，去除刺激并继续孵育48h，EC的增殖能力可恢复，且分泌NO增多（p〈0．05）；但120μg／ml槟榔碱干预24h、30μg／ml～120μg／ml槟榔碱干预48h并继续孵育48h，EC的增殖能力难以恢复（P〈0．05）。结论：去除低浓度、短时间槟榔碱干预后EC增殖能力的恢复可能与具有自我保护效应的NO分泌量增加有关。     

槟榔碱对血管内皮细胞增殖活动影响的实验研究

目的：观察槟榔碱对血管内皮细胞（endothelial cell,EC）增殖活动的影响。方法：采用MTT法检测槟榔碱干预后的EC存活率。结果：30～120μg/ml槟榔碱抑制EC的增殖,并呈浓度和时间依赖效应（P〈0.05）,60μg/ml槟榔碱干预EC24h细胞数量减少,120μg/ml槟榔碱干预EC72h细胞存活率达到最低（p〈0.05）。结论：一定浓度范围的槟榔碱可抑制EC的增殖。     

Omics Approaches for Exploring Pneumoconiosis: A Review

Pneumoconiosis,a fatal lung disease caused by dust inhalation and deposition,is one of the leading occupational diseases worldwide[1].The dust is primarily inorganic particles,such as silica particles,coal dust,and asbestos fibers.If the diameter of dust is less than 5μm,it is defined as‘respirable dust’that can easily reach the distal airways and alveoli[2].     

Malnutrition in Relation with Dietary,Geographical, and Socioeconomic Factors among Older Chinese

Objective Nutrition is closely related to the health of the elderly population. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive picture of the nutrition status of elderly Chinese and its related dietary, geographical, and socioeconomic factors. Methods A total of 13,987 ≥ 60-year-old persons from the 2010–2013 Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey were included to evaluate various aspects of malnutrition, including underweight, overweight or obesity, and micronutrient inadequacy. Results Overall, the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and underweight was 12.4％, 34.8％, and 5.7％, respectively, with disparities both geographically and socioeconomically. The prevalence of underweight was higher among the older old (≥ 75 years), rural residents and those with low income, with low education status, and residing in undeveloped West areas. More than 75％ of the elderly do not meet the Dietary Reference Intakes for vitamins A, B1, B2, and E, folate, calcium, selenium, potassium, biotin, and choline, with the prevalence of inadequate intake increasing with age for most nutrients. At the population level, the mean intakes of numerous food groups did not meet the recommendations by the Chinese Dietary Guideline. Conclusions Obesity epidemic, inadequacy of micronutrient intake, and high prevalence of underweight and anemia in susceptible older people are the major nutrition challenges for the rapidly aging population in China.     

National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0-17 Years of Age in China

The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC) was to collect basic data on the nutrition, development, and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based, reliable, and cost-effective approaches. Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions (south, southwest, north, northwest, eastern, central, and northeast China) in China were recruited. A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used. Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions, from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts. Dietary surveys, health examinations, laboratory testing, and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake, nutritional status, child development, and health status information. Nutrition, health, and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey. Greater than 100,000 children (38,000 children < 6 years of age and 66,000 children 6-17 years of age) completed the survey. The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China.     

染料木黄酮对成骨细胞增殖、分化和凋亡影响的实验研究

目的研究染料木黄酮对成骨细胞增殖、分化和凋亡的影响，以阐明其对骨形成的作用机制。方法酶消化和组织块相结合培养获得原代成骨细胞，并以成骨肉瘤细胞株UMR-106细胞作对照，加入不同浓度的染料木黄酮后，流式细胞仪和噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)检测成骨细胞细胞周期比例的改变以及凋亡情况；生化法检测细胞内碱性磷酸酶含量的改变。结果流式细胞分析和MT观测结果表明：染料木黄酮促进了原代成骨细胞由G0(G1)期向S期、G2期和M期的移行过渡，从而促进了原代成骨细胞的增殖。染料木黄酮对成骨肉瘤细胞株UMR-106细胞周期无影响，但可诱导UMR-106细胞凋亡。碱性磷酸酶检测结果表明：染料木黄酮可促进原代成骨细胞的分化。结论染料木黄酮可在一定程度上促进成骨细胞的增殖和分化，诱导成骨肉瘤细胞凋亡。     

组织补片在腭裂修复术软组织缺损中的应用

目的：探索一种软腭有效延长的新方法。方法：7例腭裂患者应用口腔组织补片植入鼻腔侧菱形创面，观察伤口愈合情况。结果：7例患者伤口均一期愈合，术后13d及63d鼻咽显微镜检查可见口腔组织补片全部成活，未见明显挛缩。结论：口腔组织补片的植入可去除或减少腭裂修复术中产生的鼻腔侧菱形创面愈合后的瘢痕，保证软腭延长的效果，有利于恢复语音功能。     

2种翻瓣设计在下颌水平阻生第三磨牙拔除的效果比较

目的比较2种翻瓣设计在拔除下颌远中邻面暴露≥1/2的水平阻生第三磨牙的临床应用效果。方法选取有下颌远中邻面暴露≥1/2的水平阻生第三磨牙病人200例,随机分为A、B组。A组采取龈沟内环形切口法,B组采用标准封套法,比较2组间拔牙时间、术中和术后并发症以及软组织愈合的情况。分别记录手术前后各个参数并进行统计学分析。结果2组手术时间,术中并发症的发生率,术后1、3、7 d疼痛程度差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2组病人术后面部肿胀程度均随着时间的增加而降低（P < 0.01）;A组病人的肿胀、张口受限程度在术后1、3 d均轻于B组（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）;在术后1 d,A组出血程度轻于B组（P < 0.05）,术后2、7 d 2组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后7天,A组软组织愈合优于B组（P < 0.05）。结论下颌远中邻面暴露≥1/2的水平阻生第三磨牙采用龈沟内环形切口法可减轻病人术后反应,有利于邻近组织愈合,提高病人术后生活质量,值得在临床推广应用。     

下腹部浅动脉穿支皮瓣与前臂皮瓣供区远期功能恢复的比较

目的比较口腔癌病人同期应用下腹部浅动脉穿支皮瓣和前臂皮瓣供区术后远期并发症,评价下腹部浅动脉穿支皮瓣在临床应用中的价值。方法回顾性分析因病灶扩大切除而行游离下腹部浅动脉穿支皮瓣（腹壁浅动脉穿支皮瓣或旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣）修复的口腔癌病人15例（观察组）临床资料,以及同期行前臂皮瓣修复的口腔颌面软组织缺损病人15例（对照组）,比较2组病人术后供区远期并发症发生情况,包括感觉异常、瘢痕增生以及色素沉着等,并评估供区远期功能恢复情况。结果观察组病人供区创面经潜行分离后,直接拉拢缝合,术后仅遗留线形瘢痕,对美观和功能影响较小;对照组病人供区创面均植皮修复,术后供区瘢痕增生和色素沉着较明显。病人皮瓣术后供区主观感受比较显示,2组肌力减退情况差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,观察组感觉异常、供区外观主观评价情况均明显优于对照组（P<0.01）。2组病人供区感觉与功能、外观的客观检查中,观察组肌力减退、感觉异常情况均优于对照组（P<0.05和P<0.01）,瘢痕色泽、厚度、血管分布、柔韧度和总分亦均明显优于对照组（P<0.01）。结论应用下腹部浅动脉穿支皮瓣修复,供区并发症少,对供区美观、功能影响小,是口腔颌面部软组织缺损修复的较好选择。